Improvement in steam-boilers



Nitev Starts @risica EDWIN REYNOLDS, OF MANSFIELD, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-BOILERS.

Spccilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 37, E30. dated April 4, ISGS.

To (LU whom, it may concer/17,:

Be it known thatl l, EDWIN REYNOLDS, of Mansfield, Tolland county, in the State oi' Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers; and l do hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with the drawings which accompany and form part ot' this specification, is a description of my invention suilicient to enable those skilled in the art to practice it.

A recognized defect in many bo'ilers organized and designed for the generation of steam is that no provision is made in their structure either to facilitate the formation of circulatingcurrents or to guide and control the direction et' the watercirculation. The result of this is that it often happens that currents act in opposition to each other, forming eddies and places where no current at all exists, in which sediment and scale deposits and collects, and the boiler becomes clogged and under some circumstances the plates' are burned through with disastrous results.

The object of my invention is to produce a boiler of small cost and easy of dismemberment for repairs and cleaning, with a large heatabsorbing surface disposed in the best manner to facilitate the rapid generation of steam, in which provision is made to determine circulating-currents in known directions and in harmony with each other and with the requirements for the most rapid generation of steam, and so as to avoid eddies and slack places in the currents as well as coniiicting currents.

Before stating in what my invention con sists, I will describe a boiler in which it is embodied, as the statement of the invention will then loe more readily` understood. Of the drawings before referred to, illustrating said boilerl Figure l is a vertical cross-section of the boiler, showing the parts thereof beyond in elevation, and the setting in which the boiler is partly inclosed making' the combustionchamber of the boiler-furnace. On said figure. the arrows in red denote the direction in which the gaseous products of combustion move in passing' to the chimney, and the arrows in blue denote the directions of the water-currents formed under and by the influence of heat in the boiler. The water-level is shown in Fig. l at the line xx, the space above being the l steamchamber. Fig. 2 is a plan of the boilerdome, with the chimney and smoke-bonnet covering' the fines removed therefrom. Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross-section taken through the dome on the line of the water-level and showing the boiler in plan beneath. Fig. 4 is a reverse plan ot1 the boiler. Fig. 5 shows a cross-section taken through the boiler on the line y yand the dome in reverse plan beyond. Fig. 6 shows one of the projections into the combustion-chamber, section and on an enlarged scale, the corrugated form of the projection being` a modiiication of the fori-n shown in the other figures. Fig. 7 is a crossvsection of one of said projections, taken on the line z e, Fig. 6.

The dome of the boiler is a cylindricalshaped vessel, a, provided with anges b, by which it is supported on the furnaced walls. This dome may be made of wrought or cast metal, and is shown provided with tlues c, to conduct the gaseous products of combustion through the dome and its contents to the chimney. Secured to the dome a and pendent from it into the combustionchamber d of the furnace is what may be termed the waterleg77 of the boiler. This waterleg c is of the shape shown in Fig. l, and is or may be circu lar in cross-section, and contains within it a smaller but similarlyshaped piece, (marked j`,) which is held centrally in c by stays s and forms the partition which, in connection with the projections h and the passages fi, serve to direct and control the circulating-curi ents formed by the action of heat. The zigzag conical shape given to c is for the purpose of inA clining the projections h and to give those in the upper rows a greater radial extension than those in the lower rows, as seen in Fig. 1, and in securing the projections h to c the diti'erent rows are made to interspace with each other, as seen in Fig; 4, so that the passage of the gaseous products of combustion among the projections will be tortuous, and so that each projection will receive the impingement of said products. rlhe ends of the projections IL and their seats upon e are faced t-o make joints, and the tubes t' are sere wed or expanded intof, passing through the openings in e, and having screw-threads cut on their projecting ends by which the projections are secured in their places, there being a spider, lr, as shown in each of the projections l1, the hub of each made in longitudinall spider bein g tappeti to t the screw-threads on pipes t'.

The construction of the particular boiler shown in the drawings having been shown, it will be seen that if heat is applied to the boiler the water contained between the shells of e and 7" will be sooner heated th an the water contained in f. Therefore the water between the shells will rise while that in f will descend and will iiow through the tubes i, discharging into the projections h, and will pass from them and upward into the space between e and f, being heated on its passage. vIn the construction shown there is no place where regular currents ot circulation are not established supplying the coolest water to the hottest places and taking it from thence as it becomes heated. 'lhe feed-water pipe is best introduced into the siare within f with its mouth opening downward, so as to throw its current of cold water in the direction of the established current.

It will be seen that the inclination of the projections h is such that their inner upper surfaces all incline upward and inward, so th at no places are found for accumulation of the' generated steam by which the water in the s iid projections can be kept from contact with the heat-receivin g surface.

The particular boiler described is only one of many forms of embodiment of my invention, which consists in the division of a Water-space ot' a boiler by a partition when the subdivision most remote from the heating influence is connected by a passage or passages with water projections, and then upward. To that variety of boilers which have their tire-spaces or furnaces surrounded by water-spaces my invention is peculiarly applicable, as said water spaces or legs may be divided by diaphragrns or partitions into two spaces, and the pipes i', being fastened to said partitions, would pass through the inner space and furnaces. e "t, to which the projections would be secured.

The boiler shown in the drawings is so designed that it may be nia-de almost wholly of cast-iron and will give at a low cost a great amount of ire or heating surface and a great amount of power from a small cubic capacity.

I claim- The arrangement and construction of a boiler, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 28th day of January, A.D. 1865.

EDWIN REYNOLDS.

Witnesses:

J. B. CROSBY, FRANCIS. GoULn. 

